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This is all FREE software that is tested and reliable. Get it if you want your computers running clean and want to avoid most problems.

What you absolutely need is on this page: Internet and security software. Follow the "more good stuff" links for additional good, free software that most people can use. The cool thing is that open source and free software has undergone a quantum leap in quality in the last couple years. Much of it is now as good or better than what you can buy. That's neat. - MP

More good free stuff:

Office Applications | Graphics, Audio, and Media Players 
More InternetUtilities and Other Stuff

Internet and Security Software - If nothing else, install these!

You just need this stuff. With broadband, always-on connections (DSL and cable) and all the crud that can get onto your computers from e-mail and simple web browsing, you need to protect yourself from the outside world. It's just the way it is. I put the following software on every computer I can.

thumbs upthumbs upthumbs upthumbs up Firefox web browser  mozilla.com

Download Firefox, install it, and use it as your default web browser. Microsoft's Internet Explorer has had major security problems in the past, and because it still has the largest market share it is still the largest target for hackers. Firefox is open source, which means that there are a lot more people looking over the way it's written to see if there are security flaws that need correcting. Yes, the "bad guys" can see it too, but fortunately there are more "white hat" good guys out there who catch and fix things more quickly. First step to secure your computer: use Firefox.

thumbs upthumbs upthumbs upThunderbird e-mail  mozilla.com

If you use web-based e-mail, don't worry. If you use Microsoft Outlook, download Thunderbird and use it instead. It's good, reliable, and it works pretty much the same as Outlook.

Everyone:

(1) NEVER open attachments unless you know exactly what they are. If you have to e-mail the sender and ask what it is, so be it. Don't trust an attachment just because you know who the sender is, because the sender might have accidentally triggered a worm that e-mailed YOU from the sender's computer.
(2)Turn off your automatic preview window so that you can delete suspicious e-mail before you even view it. Sometimes the act of just viewing your e-mail can cause problems, or at least tell spammers that you do exist.
(3) Turn off automatic timed retrieval of your e-mail and use the next software (POP Peeper) instead:

thumbs upthumbs upthumbs upthumbs up POP Peeper poppeeper.com

POP Peeper lets you screen your incoming e-mail messages before you even download them into your usual e-mail program. ("POP" is "Post Office Protocol", which is how many e-mail messages are received on the Internet.)

thumbs upthumbs upthumbs upthumbs up AVG Anti-Virus free.grisoft.com

If an anti-virus program came with your computer, it was probably a 90-day trial. If you don't pay the annual fee for updating the virus data, your anti-virus program becomes more and more useless. If you aren't subscribing to an anti-virus program, uninstall what you have and install the free AVG Anti-Virus program. Use it. It has automatic updates. It may not be the "best" one out there, but it's far better than anything that isn't consistently updated.

thumbs upthumbs upthumbs upthumbs up Zone Alarm zonelabs.com

You need a firewall, especially if you have broadband Internet (DSL or cable). A firewall prevents unwanted information from traveling in OR out. Some firewalls block unwanted incoming messages only. But with the amount of spyware and adware out there, you also have to block outgoing messages from programs that you might not know you have running on your computer! Zone Alarm does this. Download and install the free version (Follow the "Zone Alarm" links. "Zone Alarm Pro" is the pay version.) Use it!

thumbs upthumbs upthumbs upSpybot Search and Destroy safer-networking.org

thumbs upthumbs upthumbs up Ad-Aware Personal Edition lavasoftusa.com

Actually, if I were to break away from the "free" mantra anywhere, I'd recommend following the AVG link above and download "AVG Anti-Spyware". It's a 30-day trial and after that you have to pay. My first tests indicate that it's VERY good.

But here are two free anti-spyware/adware programs. Spybot and Ad-Aware do about the same thing. They each attempt to remove known spyware and adware from your computer. They each succeed about 80% of the time. Each one catches a few things the other might miss, so installing and using them both is best. Unlike AVG and ZoneAlarm which run automatically whenever you use your computer, you have to remember to run each of these two programs occasionally to clean up your computer.

thumbs upthumbs upHijackThis trendsecure.com/portal/en-US/tools/security_tools/hijackthis

For the nasty stuff that Spybot and Ad-Aware don't catch, HijackThis will help. Unlike all the rest of the programs above, this one takes a little work. Don't be randomly clicking and deleting things when you run this program. HijackThis gives you a list of everything (good and bad) that's running on your computer. Then Google becomes your friend, as you check each thing in the list to see if it's good or bad. When you do find a virus or spyware, there are a lot of good "white hat" discussion boards that will usually tell you how to get rid of it. Often they will ask you to post a log from HijackThis so they can help. WARNING: do not be deceived if you come across websites that tell you to download and run a special program to delete spyware! Many of those programs are spyware themselves! Be cautious!